Question

Why is the configuration name for GNU/Linux arm-none-linux-gnueabi instead of just arm-none-linux-eabi? Is there a GNU variant of the EABI?

Answer

The Free Software Foundation prefers that configuration names for GNU/Linux contain both the string linux and the string gnu. The configuration arm-none-linux-gnu refers to the legacy ARM ABI for GNU/Linux. Some tools depend on the fact that configuration names have at most three hyphens, so gnu and eabi were combined into a single word.

The ABI used on GNU/Linux is not a special GNU variant of the EABI; it is just the EABI.